Which capacity refers specifically to what can be achieved under normal operating conditions in the long run?

Effective capacity refers to the maximum output that an organization can produce under normal operating conditions over the long run. This concept takes into account the usual inefficiencies and interruptions that can occur during standard operations, such as maintenance, training, or breaks. Unlike theoretical capacity, which represents the absolute maximum output possible under perfect conditions without any downtime, effective capacity provides a more realistic view of what the organization can consistently achieve. This measure is critical for planning and scheduling purposes, as it allows managers to anticipate what can be realistically produced and to manage resources effectively to meet that output level.