Process optimization aims to enhance efficiency and reduce what?

Process optimization primarily focuses on enhancing efficiency by streamlining operations and minimizing activities that do not add value. By targeting waste, organizations can improve their overall productivity and reduce costs associated with excess materials, time, and resources that do not contribute to the final product or service. Waste can take various forms, such as overproduction, waiting time, unnecessary transport, processing errors, and excessive inventory.

In contrast, while employee turnover is a concern for many organizations, it does not directly relate to the operational processes that process optimization seeks to refine. Product features are typically determined by market needs and customer desires, rather than process efficiency. Marketing expenses focus on how a product is presented and sold, which is not the primary concern of process optimization aimed at operational improvements. Therefore, minimizing waste is central to the goals of process optimization, making it the correct answer.